New dynamics of scientific cooperation
Latin America between China and the European Union
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69895/n2p7j842Keywords:
Scientific cooperation, China, European Union, Argentina, Brazil, technological sovereigntyAbstract
This article examines the evolving modalities and effects of scientific, technological and innovation cooperation between Latin America and two external partners —China and the European Union— with a particular focus on Argentina and Brazil (2000–2023). Based on a structured documentary review of bilateral agreements, EU framework programmes, institutional reports and emblematic case studies (Embrapa Labex; Argentina–China Binational Center for Food Science and Technology; FP7/Horizon 2020; bioenergy and hydrogen pilots), the paper contrasts the two models. Findings show that China’s approach is pragmatic and investment-driven, privileging infrastructure, rapid project deployment and applied results, while the EU emphasizes multilateral networks, normative frameworks and co-creation of knowledge through long-term funding instruments. The article argues that both models offer complementary advantages but also distinct risks for technological autonomy. To translate cooperation into sustainable capacity-building, Latin American policymakers must combine active contract conditions (transfer, co-ownership, local content), regulatory alignment and targeted industrial policies. The piece closes with policy recommendations to leverage complementarities and reduce asymmetric outcomes.
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